Australian Seed Company Tests AI Gene Editing in Wheat
2024-06-08
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1Agriculture companies are using new methods to change the genes of plants to produce more productive crops.
2The process of gene-editing is gaining attention from people interested in agriculture.
3It makes changes to the existing genes of a plant, such as wheat.
4That is different from genetic modification, which produces what are known as genetically modified organisms, or GMOs.
5That process introduces completely new DNA to a plant's genetic information.
6Regulators and scientists believe gene-editing is less risky than genetic modification.
7They say it is closer to traditional methods of plant breeding.
8The process permits scientists to target several genes for editing.
9A state-run company in Australia is preparing for a major trial of gene-edited wheat.
10Australian seed breeder InterGrain recently imported thousands of wheat seeds created by the American agricultural technology company Inari.
11InterGrain chief Tress Walmsely said the wheat imports included hundreds of new genetic variations.
12Walmsley said the seeds are growing in a testing greenhouse in the state of Queensland.
13The plan is to create more seeds which can be planted across Australia in 2025.
14"Our job is to work out which gene combination gives the best results.Our goal is at least 10 percent yield improvement. These seeds have the potential to achieve that," she said.
15The company believes it could be selling seeds to Australian farmers starting in 2028.
16Inari uses artificial intelligence (AI) to consider a huge number of possible edits and then uses the CRISPR gene-editing tool to change more than one gene at a time.
17InterGrain and Inari believe the program could result in stronger wheat and bigger crops with a process 10 to 15 times faster than traditional plant breeding.
18Plant breeding happens when scientists mate two plants with desirable characteristics.
19It can take years for the best version of a plant to arrive.
20Some gene-edited crops already exist.
21Most of them offer small nutritional improvements or have an increased ability to resist disease.
22The new wheat plants in Australia will have many of those qualities.
23"We want to solve food security, climate change and farm profitability at the same time," said Inari's chief Ponsi Trivisvavet.
24Australia is working to ensure that it can export the gene-edited wheat.
25Some countries, such as the U.S. and Japan, have already said they believe gene-editing is not very different from plant breeding.
26Officials in those countries will be more likely to approve the Australian wheat.
27The European Union is expected to make a similar decision and China approved a gene-edited wheat plant in May.
28Inari said it is working with agriculture companies in the U.S. on a gene-edited soybean that will produce larger crop yields.
29Many countries have already accepted genetically modified soybeans because they are mostly used to feed animals.
30Officials, however, have been slower to approve the modification of wheat because much of it is used in products made for humans.
31I'm Dan Friedell.
1Agriculture companies are using new methods to change the genes of plants to produce more productive crops. 2The process of gene-editing is gaining attention from people interested in agriculture. It makes changes to the existing genes of a plant, such as wheat. That is different from genetic modification, which produces what are known as genetically modified organisms, or GMOs. That process introduces completely new DNA to a plant's genetic information. 3Regulators and scientists believe gene-editing is less risky than genetic modification. They say it is closer to traditional methods of plant breeding. The process permits scientists to target several genes for editing. 4A state-run company in Australia is preparing for a major trial of gene-edited wheat. Australian seed breeder InterGrain recently imported thousands of wheat seeds created by the American agricultural technology company Inari. 5InterGrain chief Tress Walmsely said the wheat imports included hundreds of new genetic variations. Walmsley said the seeds are growing in a testing greenhouse in the state of Queensland. The plan is to create more seeds which can be planted across Australia in 2025. 6"Our job is to work out which gene combination gives the best results. Our goal is at least 10 percent yield improvement. These seeds have the potential to achieve that," she said. 7The company believes it could be selling seeds to Australian farmers starting in 2028. 8Inari uses artificial intelligence (AI) to consider a huge number of possible edits and then uses the CRISPR gene-editing tool to change more than one gene at a time. 9InterGrain and Inari believe the program could result in stronger wheat and bigger crops with a process 10 to 15 times faster than traditional plant breeding. Plant breeding happens when scientists mate two plants with desirable characteristics. It can take years for the best version of a plant to arrive. 10Some gene-edited crops already exist. Most of them offer small nutritional improvements or have an increased ability to resist disease. The new wheat plants in Australia will have many of those qualities. 11"We want to solve food security, climate change and farm profitability at the same time," said Inari's chief Ponsi Trivisvavet. 12Australia is working to ensure that it can export the gene-edited wheat. Some countries, such as the U.S. and Japan, have already said they believe gene-editing is not very different from plant breeding. Officials in those countries will be more likely to approve the Australian wheat. 13The European Union is expected to make a similar decision and China approved a gene-edited wheat plant in May. 14Inari said it is working with agriculture companies in the U.S. on a gene-edited soybean that will produce larger crop yields. 15Many countries have already accepted genetically modified soybeans because they are mostly used to feed animals. Officials, however, have been slower to approve the modification of wheat because much of it is used in products made for humans. 16I'm Dan Friedell. 17Dan Friedell adapted this story for Learning English based on a report by Reuters. 18_____________________________________________ 19Words in This Story 20edit -v. to make changes to writing, video or genetic structures to get a desired effect 21variation -n. (biology) a living thing that is different from the parent in some way 22greenhouse -n. a glass-covered house in which plants are grown 23yield -n. the amount of a crop that can be used 24achieve -v. to get something or to reach a goal 25mate -v. the union of two sexes to create offspring 26desirable -adj. something that is wanted or sought after 27characteristic -n. a quality that a thing has 28We want to hear from you. What would you think about eating bread made from gene-edited wheat? Would you mind?